The first line of defence: ramparts, ditches, dam and pond

The Tustan fortress was constructed in the Middle Ages on the border of the Galicia-Volyn principality and the Hungarian kingdom. This defence and military point was located on the Kamin rock complex, which is washed by the Voronyi, Tserkivny and Husyachyi streams on three sides.

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  Вигляд фортеці з першою та другою лініями оборони. Рис.Яблонського

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  Перша лінія оборони: дамба, став, вал та дорога

The Voronyi stream washes the fortress from the south. The builders blocked it with a dam and formed a pond in such a way that it was a natural obstacle on the approaches to the fortress. Nearby, they built the first tower through which they entered the territory. The road from the tower to the deposit ran along the bottom of a ditch that was dug all the way up the slope so that the waters of the Voronyi did not reach there. Excavated earth and wooden fortifications were used to make a rampart that protected the path from erosion. Locals still call this area “Stavy” (Eng. - ponds).